Powderhorn, Chicago IL • April 2025

Powderhorn encompasses a vast tract of land, owned and managed by the Forest Preserve District of Cook County, on the far southeast side of Chicago. It’s a stocked lake with fishers all year round, an award-winning remnant dune and swale habitat,

a to-be-acquired industrial lot with rail tankers, a railroad track lined with Phragmites, and disused land in a residential district made into an urban sponge that captures rainwater and drains it in to the lake. Altogether, it makes a really nice urban greenspace

that works with the land and hydrology and habitats, and enhances what they already are (minus some invasive species and plus some light mowing). Check out this terrific Storymap about the most recent restoration project!

We saw lots of evidence of beavers!

and other wildlife — like this osprey on a nest on a human-constructed osprey tower!

Slag Cliffs, Chicago, IL • March 2022

I’ve been eyeing this site for a few years, never confident to visit it the first time alone. Who knew what was behind the overgrown tree-line at the edge of the lot?

We went together and it turns out that in late winter, perennial plants are greening up and glowing among the dreary cottonwood leaves. It’s a well-used place with past attempts at structures and social gatherings strewn about. No one else was here today though.

There’s a giant slag heap, one of the few in the area (but also: Shroud site, some parts of the old USX site). Holmes and Kubbing (2022) find slag heaps with ecosystems in Pittsburgh; in the Calumet Crescent we mostly see slag-filled depressions with slag as ground-level substrate. Remember that the Calumet was a vast wetland complex, yielding pockets in the landscape that were convenient to fill with steel production byproducts (e.g. slag) and other industrial waste.

The slag pile, or slag cliffs, rose up out of the woods of neighborhood volunteer junk trees: Ailanthus, ash, elm, cottonwood, a few juniper. The heap had clearly been used as a raised railroad spur, a way to transport in and out whatever was made here. To the east, these woods spread out and made way for big openings that have been used for ATV trails and bike jumps.

From the top of the slag cliffs, turning to the west was a delightful area with real promise: an ecosystem that grew up on slag and has created its own islands of organic material. A light canopy of slag-stunted rugged trees poked through diverse grasses. It looked like a slag savanna that may potentially be comparable to the high quality slag complex we see at Big Marsh and Marian Byrnes Parks?

It’s winter now, but this seems like a mesic area that might be wet enough for orchids?! I’d expect Liatris, hopefully Spiranthes, some sedges and rushes. We’ll revisit at the end of summer.

–> Revisit of this site in September 2022: orchids!

Railroad Marsh, IL • November 2021

The bright blue sky and faded green of a warm early winter day. This place is wholly constructed now, atop swampy former wetland surrounding Lake Calumet – is there any remnant soil from that ecosystem? Or are all sediments so polluted it is unrecognizable beneath Phragmites and slag and a dune + swale landscape made from construction debris.